Durability Design of Concrete Structures in Severe Environments

طراحی دوام سازه های بتنی در محیط های سخت

Concrete structures in severe environments include a variety of structures in various types of environments. Although several deteriorating processes
such as alkali–aggregate reactions, freezing and thawing, and chemical attack still represent severe challenges and problems to many important concrete
structures, rapid development in concrete technology in recent years has made it easier to control such deteriorating processes. Also, for new concrete structures in severe environments, the applied concrete is normally so dense that concrete carbonation does not represent any practical problem. For concrete structures in chloride-containing environments, however, chloride ingress and premature corrosion of embedded steel still appear to be a most difficult and severe challenge to the durability and performance of many important concrete infrastructures. In recent years, there has also been a rapid increase in the use of de-icing salt and rapid development on concrete structures in marine environments. In order to obtain increased and better control of chloride ingress and
corrosion of embedded steel, improved procedures and specifications for proper combinations of concrete quality and concrete cover are very important.
Upon completion of new concrete structures, however, the achieved construction quality typically shows high scatter and variability, and, in severe environments, any weaknesses and deficiencies will soon be revealed, whatever durability specifications and materials have been applied. Therefore, improved procedures for quality control and quality assurance during concrete construction are also very important. To a certain extent, a probability approach to the durability design can accommodate the high scatter and variability. However, a numerical approach alone is not sufficient to ensure the durability. In order to obtain a more controlled and improved durability, it is also essential to specify performance- based durability requirements that can be verified and controlled for proper quality assurance during concrete construction. Documentation of achieved construction quality and compliance with the specified durability should be the keys to any rational approach to more controlled and increased durability and service life of concrete structures in severe environments. Better procedures for condition assessment and preventive maintenance should also be essential, and such procedures should help provide the ultimate basis for achieving more controlled durability and service life of concrete structures. In recent years, an increased number of owners of concrete structures have realized that even small additional costs, in order to obtain an increased and more controlled durability beyond what is possible to reach based on current concrete codes and practice, have been shown to be a very good investment. However, increased and more controlled durability is not only a technical and economic issue, but also an increasingly more important environmental and sustainability issue. Although the present book is mostly concerned with increased and more controlled durability from a technical point of view, a brief introduction to life cycle costs and life cycle assessment is also included. Throughout my work over a span of many years to develop increased and more controlled durability of new important concrete infrastructures, I acknowledge a number of my doctoral students from recent years who have been working with various aspects of concrete durability and contributed to parts of the procedures for both the durability design and the concrete quality control, as outlined and discussed in the present book. These people include Tiewei Zhang, Olaf Lahus, Arne Gussiås, Franz Pruckner, Liang Tong, Surafel Ketema Desta, Miguel Ferreira, Őskan Sengul, Guofei Liu, and Vemund Årskog. I also thank the Norwegian Coast Directorate and the Norwegian Association for Harbor Engineers for very good research cooperation and support, and in particular I would like to thank Tore Lundestad and Roar Johansen for their great interest and encouragement in trying out and applying the new knowledge to new important concrete infrastructures in Norwegian harbors.

طراحی دوام سازه های بتنی در محیط های سخت

طراحی دوام سازه های بتنی در محیط های سخت

برای دانلود این کتاب برروی دانلود کلیک کنید

دانلود

مقالات ویژه:

Improving Concrete Quality_بهبود کیفیت بتن Shear and punching shear in RC and FRC elements_برش و پانچ در عناصر RC و FRC FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF STEEL AND STEEL–CONCRETE COMPOSITE BRIDGE_المان محدود تجزیه و تحلیل و طراحی از فولاد Innovative Materials and Techniques in Concrete Construction مواد و تکنیک های نوآورانه در ساخت و ساز بتنی HANDBOOK OF LOW CARBON CONCRETE_ راهنمای بتن کم کربن Guide to Diagnosis and Appraisal of AAR Damage to Concrete in Structures_راهنمای تشخیص وارزیابی AAR آسیب به بتن در سازه ها Handbook of recycled concrete and demolition waste_ کتاب راهنمای بتن بازیافتی و ضایعات تخریب Experiment and Calculation of Reinforced Concrete at Elevated Temperatures_آزمایش و محاسبه تقویت شده بتن در دماهای مرتفع Design of Liquid Retaining Concrete Structures_طراحی بتن نگهدارنده مایع سازه ها Cathodic Protection for Reinforced Concrete Structures Seismic Design of Concrete Buildings to Eurocode 8_طراحی لرزه ای ازساختمان های بتنی یورو 8 Control of Cracking in Reinforced Concrete Structures _ کنترل ترک خوردگی در سازه های بتنی مسلح