Advanced Polymer Concretes and Compounds

بتن های پلیمری پیشرفته و اجزای آن

Developments in civil engineering and the growth of industry have created a continual demand for building materials with new and improved performance attributes. One of the current intensively progressing ways of improving efficiency of building structures is the use of a new class of building materials—polymer composites. It is now virtually impossible to find technical, transport, or building structures in which there are no composite materials. This progress is the result of the unique quality of these materials—a combination of high strength, at the level of structural steel—and the inherent features of nonmetallic material New technological processes closely related with aggressive environments require increases in the manufacture of durable and effective composite materials that can withstand hostile media. Corrosion, the negative effects of radiation and temperatures, high UV radiation, and other adverse natural and anthropogenic effects on building structures are real problems that affect the human living environment. A radical way to increase the durability of composite materials and products is the use of composites based on polymer binders. The first scientific results in this field were developed by Professor O. Figovsky and are protected by more than 25 patents in the United States, Germany, and Russia. This book contains the descriptions and results of theoretical and experimental research in the field of efficient building material composites based on advanced polymer binders that were carried out by scientific teams from Polymate Ltd., International Nanotechnology Center (http://www.polymateltd.com, Israel) and Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (VGASU, Russia) with the direct participation or under the leadership of the authors. Physical and mechanical characteristics of these composites, including chemical resistance in various aggressive environments, are discussed in this book. It is well known that polymer concrete (PC) is used in severe conditions in industrial and public buildings, as well as in transportation and hydraulic structures. The main advantages of polymer concrete over ordinary concrete are improved mechanical strength, low permeability, and improved chemical resistance. The main limitation is their relatively high material cost. For this reason, it is important to find the optimum technical–economic compromise. This book examines the design issues related to the composition and properties of two new polymer concretes in relation to the polymer matrix and its material and building structure: rubber concrete based on polybutadiene binder and silicate polymer concrete with an organic–silicate matrix. Application of these polymer concretes in construction allows the builder to solve the problems of corrosion, the negative influence of temperature, degradation of a material at increased UV exposure, γ-radiation, and to increase the period between repairs, reliability, and durability of buildings and structures, especially those in aggressive environments. The complexities of physical–mechanical, heat–physical, and technological properties of these PCs, their behavior in environmentally aggressive conditions, and problems of durability and reliability are studied. Special chapters are devoted to new environmentally friendly polymer compounds for monolithic industrial floor coverings and coatings. Well-known features of conventional polyurethane coverings are porosity, poor hydrolytic stability, and increased permeability. The involvement of toxic components, such as isocyanates, in the fabrication process make it extremely toxic and dangerous. New and promising methods for producing an epoxy–urethane hybrid compound allowed the material to be obtained with lower permeability, improved physical–mechanical characteristics, and safe manufacturing. The environmentally friendly two-component polyurethane binders for monolithic flooring and industrial coatings do not consist of isocyanate components at any stage of preparation, are insensitive to the moisture in the air or the coated surface, and have a number of advantages over conventional polyurethane
materials. Novel hydroxyurethane

بتن های پلیمری پیشرفته و اجزای آن

بتن های پلیمری پیشرفته و اجزای آن

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